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The archaeological site, spanning several kilometers along the Ziz River, reveals the bones of a once-magnificent city that hosted caravans of thousands of camels laden with gold, slaves, and exotic goods. Visitors can trace the outlines of its mighty walls, which once stretched for eight kilometers, enclosing mosques, palaces, markets, and homes of wealthy merchants who made their fortunes in the gold trade. The remaining structures, built primarily of rammed earth, showcase the sophisticated architectural techniques that allowed the city to thrive in its desert environment.
Recent archaeological excavations have unearthed fascinating insights into medieval urban life, including elaborate water management systems, coin mints, and evidence of international trade networks that reached as far as China. The site’s importance has earned it a place on UNESCO’s Tentative World Heritage List, recognizing Sijilmassa’s crucial role in medieval global commerce and cultural exchange.
For modern visitors, the site offers a unique opportunity to walk through the remains of what historians often call the “Paris of the Sahara.” Despite its ruined state, Sijilmassa continues to yield new discoveries, with ongoing archaeological work regularly revealing fresh insights into this remarkable city’s past. The contrast between its current quiet state and its historical significance as a bustling metropolis of 30,000 people creates a powerful reminder of the cyclical nature of human civilization.
